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Natural spawning of chum salmon had been conserved since 17th century in Japan.  In 1888, the first public salmon hatchery was constructed along the Chitose River in Hokkaido.  Since then many hatcheries were distributed in northern Japan, while the population size of salmon  had abruptly decreased due to inexperienced hatchery techniques and overfishing.  In 1952, the National Hokkaido Salmon Hatchery (HSH) was established under the Fish Resource Conservation Law.  The HSH started scientific research and enhancement activities to restore salmon population, and finally the population size of chum salmon has increased since the 1970s.  In the autumn of 1997, HSH  was reorganized to the National Salmon Resources Center (NASREC).  The NASREC was reformed as an Independent Administrative Institution in April 2006, and incorporated with the Fisheries Research Agency in April 2006.  The main role of NASREC is freshwater and marine research activities for the proper stock management of salmon in Japan, including the conservation of genetic stocks and their habitat ecology.

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